Tatlin Vladimir: differenze tra le versioni

Revisione 16:47, 20 Set 2009

Tatlin Vladimir

Biografia

Vladimir Evgrafovich Tatlin è nato a Charkiv nel 1885, figlio di un ingegnere ferroviere e poeta. Durante la sua infanzia ha svolto diversi lavori: fu marinaio, mercante e passò molto tempo in mare, viaggiando in Bulgaria, Grecia, Turchia, Medio Oriente e Nord Africa (1902-1904); trovò lavoro come assistente ad un pittore di icone e come puntellatore di Teatro. Le sue esperienze da marinaio, compreso il rigore per la disciplina, ebbero una considerevole influenza nella sua vita e futura carriera. Tatlin frequentò la MUZhVZ (Scuola di Pittura, Scultura e Architettura di Mosca) sotto Serov Valentin (1902-1904) e Korovin Konstantin (1909-1910) e l'Art College di Penza (1904-1910) sotto Goriushkin-Sorokopudov e Aleksey Afanassyev. Durante i mesi estivi riproduceva gli affreschi delle chiese Russe. Tra il 1908 e il 1911 conobbe i fratelli Burlyuk e Mikhail Larionov, personaggi fondamentali nell'evoluzione del Futurismo Russo. Si introdusse così nelle più importanti ed avventurose compagnie d'arte, tra le quali la World of Art e la Golden Fleece, Tatlin apprese rapidamente i recenti sviluppi nell'arte dell'Europa Occidentale. Ebbe accesso alle collezioni di Sergey Shchukin e Ivan Morozov a Mosca, le quali comprendevano opere di Monet, Gaugin, Cezanne, Picasso e Matisse. Dal 1906 Tatlin partecipa a varie esibizioni, tra le quali Donkey's Tail, Union of Youth, Jack of Diamonds, The Store, "Tramvay V" e "O.10". Dal 1912 al 1915 lavora a "The Tower", la grande costruzione monumentale, simbolo d'avanguardia nel reame dell'architettura, la quale doveva ergersi a Pietrogrado (l'attuale San Pietroburgo) in occasione della Terza Internazionale, l'opera non venne mai realizzata a causa della politica culturale governativa contraria all'arte astratta. Nello stesso periodo Tatlin lavora a Mosca assieme ai pittori Aleksandr Vesnin, Nadezhda Udal'tsova, Lyubov' Popova, Valentina Khodasevich e Robert Fal'k, tutti appartenenti alla corrente Futurista e Cubista discussa ed espressa nel giornale SoyuzMolodyozhi della Union of Youth. All'epoca Tatlin fu il primo illustratore degli importanti poeti Futuristi Russi Velimir Khlebnikov e Aleksey Kruchonyk e del pittore-poeta rivoluzionario Vladimir Mayakovsky. Dal 1914 Tatlin realizza numerosi progetti diventando la figura centrale del movimento Costruttivista, intraprese brillantemente diversi e numerosi ruoli: fu direttore artistico per l' opera di Michail Ivanovič Glinka "A Life for the Tzar" e per il concerto "Tzar Maximilian" (1912-1913), nel 1918 fu a capo del IZO (Commissariato per l'Educazione Pubblica della Repubblica Russa Sezione Belle Arti) di Mosca. Tatlin insegnò alla SVOMAS di Mosca (1918-1920) e di Pietrogrado (1919-1924), entrò come docente al dipartimento di teatro, cinema e fotografia nella Scuola d'Arte di Kiev (1925-1927) e nel VKhUTEIN di Mosca (1927-1930). Nel 1922, come conseguenza del decreto staliniano, si trasferì a Leningrado dove imboccò la strada del disegno industriale e scenografico. Fu fondatore e membro del GINKhUK (Istituto per la Cultura Artistica dello Stato) a Petrogrado (1923), lavorò come designer teatrale in Ucraina. Nei primi anni 30 Tatlin progetta e costruisce il Letatlin, la macchina per volare azionata dal movimento umano ed ispirata alla meccanica Leonardesca, fu in quegli anni che le sue opere presero una sterzarono su una pittura oscura, espressiva e realistica.

Muore il 31 Maggio 1953, viene sepolto nel cimitero di Novodevichy, Mosca.

Opere

Dipinti e Opere Grafiche

• Apostle on the Cupola of the Church of St.George. 1905-1910
• Carnations. 1908
• Sitting Male Figure. 1908
• Twilight. Late 1900
• Summer. Late 1900
• Portrait of a Man. 1909 (?)
• Vendor of Sailor Uniforms. 1910
• Sailor Uniforms. Early 1910s
• Fishmonger's Trade. Early 1910s
• Portrait of the Painter. Early 1910s
• Fishmonger. 1911
• Sailor. 1911
• Still Life (Flowers). 1912
• Bouquet. 1911-1912.
• Nude. 1912-1913
• Nude. 1913
• Nude. 1913
• Composition-Analysis. Considered to Represent Madonna with Child. 1913
• Female Bather. 1930s
• Portrait of a Woman. 1933
• Clay Pitcher With Flowers. 1930s
• Red Flowers. 1930s
• Garden Flowers. 1938
• Bouquet. 1940
• Flowers. 1940
• Bouquet. 1940
• Meat. 1947

Studi Grafici

• Male Nude. Study. 1910
• Male Figure. Ca 1910
• Fisherman. Early 1910s
• Female Model. Early 1910s
• Male Model. Early 1910s
• Nude Model. Page #93 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Nude Model. Page #58 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Nude Model. Page #83 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Standing Nude. Page #70 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Standing Nude. Rear View. Page #10 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Seated Woman, Front View. Page #73 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Portrait. Page #32 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Nude. 1911-1912
• Portrait of K.Malevich. 1912. Page #22 from the Ostozhenka Studio album 1911-1914
• Sailor (Self-Portrait). 1912
• Fisher Boy. 1912
• Fishmonger. 1912
• Seated Female Nude, Front View. 1913
• Woman in Fur Coat. 1930s
• Female Nude In Front of Easel. 1940s
• Woman Wearing a Hat. 1940s
• Portrait of a Woman. 1940s
• Self Portrait. 1940s

Costruzioni e Progetti

• Bottle (Pictorial relief). 1913
• Pictorial relief. 1913-1914
• Assortment of Materials. 1914
• Blue Contre-relief. 1914
• Corner contre-relief. 1914-1915. Repeated in 1926
• Synthesis-Static Composition. 1914-1915
• Complex Corner Relief. 1915. Reconstruction, 1982
• Composition (The Month of May). 1916
• Contre-relief. Assortment of Materials. 1916
• Board No. 1 Staro-Basman (Old Basmaia Street). 1917
• Contre-relief. Assortment of Materials. 1917
• Contre-relief. Late 1910s
• Contre-relief. Late 1910s.

Illustrazioni

• Illustration for poem "Let us be as Merciless as Ostranitsa" by Khlebnikov. 1912
• llustration for poem "Signboards" by Maiakovsky. 1913
• Portrait of Vladimir Burliuk. 1913
• Illustration for poem "Twilight: the Painter with his Wide Brush..." by Vladimir Burliuk. 1913
• Cover of Bazhan, Shkurupii, Semenko and Tatlin, Meeting at the Crossroads. 1927
• Cover for "On the Sailing-Ship" by S. Sergel. 1929
• Cover for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• For the Third Time (p.7). Illustration for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• For the Fourth Time (p.9). Illustration for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• For the Fourth Time (p.11). Illustration for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• For the Fifth Time (p.13). Illustration for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• For the Sixth Time (p.15). Illustration for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• For the Nihth Time (p.21). Illustration for "Firstly and Secondly" by D.Kharms. 1929
• Whereabouts unknown. Reproduction: "Erste Russische Kunstausstellung", Berlin, 1922

Teatro

• Set Design for "Tzar Maximilian and his Disobedient Son, Adolf", after a folk drama of from 18th century. Production by M.P.Bonch-Tomashevsky, Literary-Art Society. Panel sketch. 1911
• Tzar Maximilian. Costume Design for "Tzar Maximilian and his Disobedient Son, Adolf", after a folk drama of from 18th century. Production by M.P.Bonch-Tomashevsky, Literary-Art Society. 1911
• Flute Player. Costume Design for "Tzar Maximilian and his Disobedient Son, Adolf", after a folk drama of from 18th century. Production by M.P.Bonch-Tomashevsky, Literary-Art Society. 1911
• Pagan Venus. Costume Design for "Tzar Maximilian and his Disobedient Son, Adolf", after a folk drama of from 18th century. Production by M.P.Bonch-Tomashevsky, Literary-Art Society. 1911
• Rowdy Son of Venus. Costume Design for "Tzar Maximilian and his Disobedient Son, Adolf", after a folk drama of from 18th century. Production by M.P.Bonch-Tomashevsky, Literary-Art Society. 1911
• Domnino Village, Act I. Set Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• At the Spassky Gate, Epilogue. Set Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Strel'tsy. Costume Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Russian Woman's National Costume Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Vania. Costume Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Boyar. Costume Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Imperial Guardsman. Costume Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Peasant Girl. Costume Design for opera "Ivan Susanin" (A Life for the Tzar) by Glinka. 1913-1914
• Helmsman. Costume Design for opera "The Flying Dutchman" By R.Wagner. 1915-1917
• Model of stage setting, set design for Opera "Zangezi" by Velemir Khlebnikov. 1923
• Set design for Opera "Zangezi" by Velemir Khlebnikov. 1923
• Repentance. Costume design for Opera "Zangezi" by Velemir Khlebnikov. 1923
• Laughter. Costume design for Opera "Zangezi" by Velemir Khlebnikov. 1923
• Stage design for "The Affair" by Sukhovo-Kobylin. 1939-1940
• Stage design for "The Affair" by Sukhovo-Kobylin. 1939-1940
• Zhivets. Costume design for "The Affair" by Sukhovo-Kobylin. 1939-1940
• The Prince In a Robe. Costume design for "The Affair" by Sukhovo-Kobylin. 1939-1940
• Lidochka. Costume design for "The Affair" by Sukhovo-Kobylin. 1939-1940

Arte Industriale

• Monumento alla III Internazionale. 1919
• Design for man's coat ("Utility clothing"). 1923
• Design for man's coat. 1923
• Novel street clothing, pattern, front and rear views. 1923-1924
• Design for multi-purpose metal dish: pot + teapot + frying pan. 1923
• Design Sketch for Tea Pot. 1923
• Design Sketch for Milk Jug (Side view, Top view). 1923
• Design for a chair (left). 1927
• Design for Sleigh Frame. Late 1920s
• Modello del Letatlin (1932)

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Poetica

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